Research Article
Volume 3 Issue 2 - 2018
Ethnomedicinal Plants used by Traditional Healers in Chittor District of Andhra Pradesh, India
Ms. Preeti Singh*
Research Fellow, Trans-Disciplinary University, Bengaluru, Karnataka
*Corresponding Author: Ms. Preeti Singh, Research Fellow, Trans-Disciplinary University, Bengaluru, Karnataka.
Receive: July 02, 2018; Published: July 26, 2018
Abstract
An ethno medicinal study was done in 10 unique towns of Kangundi town Panchayath of Chittor locale of Andhra Pradesh with a mean to report the data in regards to folkloric employments of indigenous plant species. An aggregate of 32 plant species having a place with 32 genera and 25 families were recorded, and counted alongside their herbal name, family, nearby name, part(s) utilized, ethno medicinal utilizes including their strategy for readiness, method of organization and measurement. The announced plant species as different customary arrangements are utilized by the town individuals for the administration and additionally treatment of different afflictions running from wind chomp to fever.
Keywords: Chittor; Ethnomedicinal uses; Indigenous plants; Traditional healers
Introduction
Kangundi town Panchayath, having a territory of 54,000 hectares in Kuppam Mandal is situated in, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh State. It is arranged at a separation of 16 kilometers from Kuppam on the Kuppam - Vijalapuram Main Road and 126 kms from Chittoor, the District Headquarters of Chittoor District in Andhra Pradesh. GPS Coordinates: 74.99810 Latitude, 13.44153 Longitude. The occupations of the town individuals here is essentially harvest and vegetable cultivation1. Writing overview demonstrated that no ethno medicinal work has been accounted for beforehand from the Chittor locale of Andhra Pradesh, however comparable studies 2, 3 have been finished by a few laborers in different parts of the state. Remembering this view, an ethno medicinal study was completed in the town zones of Chittor area of Andhra Pradesh, India with a mean to record the data in regards to conventional employments of indigenous plant species.
Materials and Methods
Figure 1: Map showing study are in Chittor District of Andhra Pradesh.
Ethno medicinal review was done in 10 distinct towns of Kangundi town in Chittor area amid the winter of 2014 (Figure 1). Amid field trips, the data in regards to the neighborhood names and folkloric employments of restorative plants were accumulated from customary town healers, elderly town individuals and learned provincial people. The insights about neighborhood name, place of accumulation, plants/plant parts utilized, strategy for planning and uses were uncommonly recorded against each contemplated plant amid the study. The plant species photos were additionally taken (Plate 1). What's more, coordinate plant perception and distinguishing proof was finished with the assistance of conventional healers and nearby home grown medication specialists. The gathered species were related to the assistance of provincial vegetations and different books on ethnobotany [4-12]. The rundown of plants with their families, plant part(s) utilized and strategy for arrangement with their customary uses, is recorded in Table 1.
Results and Discussion
The present examination uncovers the folkloric employments of 32 plant species having a place with 32 genera and 25 families. Among them, 6 are trees, 18 are herbs and 8 are bushes species. The entire plant or distinctive plant part(s, for example, leaves stem barks, roots, organic products, seeds, Flowers, youthful buds, and so forth in type of different conventional arrangements are utilized to cure various human maladies/illnesses as detailed by customary healers and nearby natural restorative professionals. Leaves of 18 plant species, underlying foundations of 13 species, stem barks of 6 species, seeds of 5 species, products of 4 species, entire plant of 1 species, blossoms of 1 species are utilized for the treatment of different sicknesses. Plants were utilized either inside or remotely to cure around 33 distinct afflictions in more than one type of arrangements like concentrate, decoction, juice, powder, glue, implantation and different structures (Table 1). A large portion of the plant species are utilized to cure at least two than two ailments in proper structures and the measurement is endorsed relying on the age of the patient and sort or seriousness of ailment. The examination comes about obviously demonstrated that the detailed ethno medicinal plants are utilized to regard different afflictions, for example, fever, hack, looseness of the bowels, amoebiasis, jaundice, liver infections, paleness, menstrual clutters, wind nibble, wounds, outside ulcers, ear torments, stomachache, uncleanliness, diabetes, skin ailments, epilepsy, writhings, asthma, syphilis, throat issues, spewing, joint agony, resting unsettling influence, heart ailments, leucoderma, edema, worm invasion, bone torment, conjunctivitis and so forth. As of late, a few endeavors have been made to contemplate the ethno medicinal significance of plants utilized by primitive tribes in various parts of the state. Panduranga et al (year needed)13 contemplated the utilization of restorative plants in society medication by Konda Reddis for treating different ladies' ailments and regenerative sicknesses in a few towns of Kangundi Panchayath of Chittor locale, Andhra Pradesh [14]. Likewise, ethno medicinal plants utilized generally by different native tribes and other town individuals, although, comparative takes a shot at restorative plants in connection to their conventional uses have been archived before as specified above, yet the data imitated in this about recorded types of therapeutic plants are significantly new and have not been recorded before. Be that as it may, the present Investigation uncovers that announced plants assume an indispensable part in the essential medicinal services of the provincial populace in the examination region.
S. No. Plant Name/Family Local Name Part (s) used Ethnomedicinal Uses
1 Vitex negundo Linn./Verbenaceae Vavili/nirguni Leaves, roots Freshly collected leaves are extracted and ½ ounce of the extract is given orally in reducing fever; 5 drops of the leaf extract is applied into the nostrils in treating convulsions; 2 spoons of the root extract is given orally every hour in case of snake bite.
2 Terminalia cuneata Roth./Combretaceae Tellamaddi Stem bark Powdered stem bark is with a locally made sweet (paravannam) containing milk, sugar and rice and the preparation is kept in a suitable container and kept in hot water bath overnight. Next day morning the preparation is given orally for treating asthma.
3 Tagetes erecta Linn./Asteraceae Banthimokka Leaves Paste of fresh leaves is applied externally on the affected parts/external injuries to control bleeding and relieve pain.
4 Solanum nigrum Linn./Solanaceae Kamanchi Leaves, seeds Leaves are cooked and given to the edema and piles patients; seeds are extracted with hot water and the extract is mixed with honey and given orally to diabetic patients.
5 Semecarpus anacardium Linn. f./Anacardiaceae Nallajeedi chettu Seeds Seed oil is applied externally in skin diseases and leucoderma.
6 Ruellia tuberosa Linn./Acanthaceae Tapakaku Leaves Paste of fresh leaves is applied externally on the wounds.
7 Randia dumetorum Poir./Rubiaceae Manga Fruits, stem bark Fruit extract are given orally to prevent vomiting and also to treat throat problems; stem bark extract is applied externally in bone pains.
8 Punica granatum Linn./Punicaceae Dhanemma chettu Roots Fresh root infusion is given orally for expelling intestinal worms.
9 Plumeria rubra Linn./Apocynaceae Arhata ganneru Leaves Freshly collected leaves are crushed and the paste is applied directly externally on affected areas/wounds.
10 Plectronia parviflora (Lam.) Bedd./Rubiaceae Balusu Leaves, stem bark, roots Either root, bark or leaf extract is given orally to treat diarrhoea; the soup or curry of leaves is good for the diarrhoea patients; root is crushed, extracted and extract is taken orally to expel intestinal worms.
11 Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn./Euphorbiaceae Nelausiri Leaves, fruits, roots Mixed powder of leaves and fruits is taken morning and evening for 3-6 days in treating jaundice; extract mixed with oil is warmed and applied into the eyes for conjunctivitis patients; powdered root with cow milk is given daily two times to the anemic patients.
12 Pergularia daemia (Forsk.) Chiov./Asclepiadaceae Dhustupu, theega Leaves, roots Five leaves and three grains of black pepper are crushed together; prepared into pills and given orally for treating fever, sixty drops of leaf extract is given orally in worm mixed with cured and given orally for treating menstrual colic. infestation; root powder is
13 Myristica fragrans Houtt./Myristicaceae Japathri Nutmeg Oil is extracted from nutmeg and is taken orally in case of sleeping disorders.
14 Lowsonia inermis Linn./Lythraceae Gorintaku Leaves Freshly collected leaves are crushed and the paste is applied directly on the wounds.
15 Ficus religiosa Linn./Moraceae Ravichettu Stem bark, young bud Decoction of stem bark is applied externally for healing wounds; young bud or stem bark is boiled in milk and taken orally in the treatment of syphilis.
16 Euphorbia hirta Linn./Euphorbiaceae Dhugdhika Leaves 3-5 g of powdered leaves is given orally to treat asthma and cough; 10 g of leaves are crushed, 2 g of the black pepper is added into it and given orally in case of snake bites.
17 Datura metel L./Solanaceae Tellavummetta Leaves Freshly collected leaves are crushed; extract of it use orally with buttermilk in dog bite.
18 Curcuma zedoaria Rosc./Zingiberaceae Kachuralu Fruits 10-15 g of dry fruit extract with black peeper is given with sugar to treat asthma; dry fruits are taken orally in cough, headache and anemia.
19 Curculigo orchioides Gaertn./Hypoxidaceae Nelathadi Roots Powdered root mixed with honey is given orally in reducing fever, 5 g of root powder is mixed with hot water and taken orally in case of stomach ache, 10 g of the root powder is given orally with butter milk to anemic patients, 5 g of the root powder, 10 g ghee and 20 g honey is given orally for in leprosy.
20 Cissampelos pareira L. /Menispermaceae Chiruboddi Roots Root powder is given orally to treat fever, heart diseases and leprosy, powdered root with cow’s milk is taken orally to treat diarrhea.
21 Celastrus paniculatus Willd./Celastraceae  Maalkamgini Roots, seeds Powdered root is given to diabetic patients; oil of seeds is massaged at the joint in order to get relief from joint pains.
22 Cassia tora L./Caesalpiniaceae Thagerasa Leaves Cooked leaves are taken orally to cure edema, leprosy and skin diseases; leaf extract along with the leaf extract of Ricinus communis L. is applied externally in back pain.
23 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub./Fabaceae Modhuga Leaves, flowers, stem Extracts of flowers and leaves are used in treating diarrhea, external ulcers; powdered stem bark extracted with hot water and the extract is used to clean external ulcers.
24 Asteracantha longifolia Nees./Acanthaceae Neerugobbi Roots Powdered root is extracted with hot water and given orally to edema patients.
25 Artemisia vulgaris L./Asteraceae Machipathri Leaves Leaf extract is given orally as appetizer and epilepsy; leaves are heated with ghee and the product is tied to the eyes in conjunctivitis.
26 Argemone mexicana L./Papaveraceae Pechikusuma Whole plant Latex of this plant is applied in the eyes in conjunctivitis; the extract of the herb is used to treat external wounds and ulcers, and oil of seeds is applied externally in skin diseases and leprosy.
27 Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Benth./Mimosaceae Derisena Seeds, cork of stem Cork of the stem is powdered and given internally to cure skin diseases; cork powder is extracted with hot water and given internally in case of snake bites etc. as antidote, and oil of seeds is applied externally to treat leucoderma.
28 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb./Simaroubaceae Pedhamanu Bark, Roots Root is extracted with hot water and 5 g of the extract twice a day is given to vomiting patients; extract of fresh stem bark is mixed with curd and given to the diarrhea patients or used in the treatment of intestinal amoebiasis.
29 Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa/Rutaceae Maredu Leaves, fruits, roots Decoction of fruits is used to treat vomiting; powdered leaves are given orally in diabetes; paste of fresh root is taken orally in case of snake bites.
30 Acalypha indica L./Euphorbiaceae Muripinda Leaves, roots Nine leaves, nine grains of black pepper and a drop of cow ghee are crushed together and taken daily twice with butter milk in jaundice; leaf extract is poured into ears to get relief from ear pain; powdered root is given with one spoon of honey in paralysis; leaf extract is mixed with butter and given orally in Convulsions.
31 Abutilon indicum L./Malvaceae Duvvenaku Leaves Freshly collected leaves are cooked and consumed to treat bleeding Piles.
32 Abrus precatorius L./Fabaceae Guruvindha Leaves, seeds, roots Decoction of leaves and roots are given orally for cold and cough; Seed powder is used to induce abortion.
Table 1: Ethnomedicinal plants used by traditional healers of Chittor district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
Conclusion
The present investigation was led to record the ethno medicinal plant assets of Chittor region of Andhra Pradesh, India and to investigate the customary learning or conviction of these plants utilized by the town individuals for their essential human service’s needs. Such ethno medicinal data is required for taking up huge scale development and protection of therapeutic plants that may support the rustic economy of individuals through the foundation of home grown medication ventures and advancement of medicinal services framework in our nation. Further, logical examination in light of the customary learning of therapeutic plants can be an approach in the disclosure and advancement of novel medication leads.
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Citation: Preeti Singh. “Ethnomedicinal Plants used by Traditional Healers in Chittor District of Andhra Pradesh, India”. Nutrition and Food Toxicology 3.2 (2018): 634-639.
Copyright: © 2018 Preeti Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.